A brief introduction to BNU-HESM1.0 and its earth surface temperature simulations     

Shili Yang  Wenjie Dong  Jieming Chou  Jinming Feng  Xiaodong Yan  Zhigang Wei  Wenping Yuan  Yan Guo  Yanli Tang  Jiacong Hu 《大气科学进展》2015,32(12):1683-1688

Integrated assessment models and coupled earth system models both have their limitations in understanding the interactions between human activity and the physical earth system. In this paper,a new human–earth system model,BNUHESM1.0,constructed by combining the economic and climate damage components of the Dynamic Integrated Model of Climate Change and Economy to the BNU-ESM model,is introduced. The ability of BNU-HESM1.0 in simulating the global CO2 concentration and surface temperature is also evaluated. We find that,compared to observation,BNU-HESM1.0underestimates the global CO2 concentration and its rising trend during 1965–2005,due to the uncertainty in the economic components. However,the surface temperature simulated by BNU-HESM1.0 is much closer to observation,resulting from the overestimates of surface temperature by the original BNU-ESM model. The uncertainty of BNU-ESM falls within the range of present earth system uncertainty,so it is the economic and climate damage component of BNU-HESM1.0 that needs to be improved through further study. However,the main purpose of this paper is to introduce a new approach to investigate the complex relationship between human activity and the earth system. It is hoped that it will inspire further ideas that prove valuable in guiding human activities appropriate for a sustainable future climate.  相似文献   

太阳活动变化对东亚冬季气候的非对称影响及可能机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王瑞丽  肖子牛  朱克云  高枞亭 《大气科学》2015,39(4):815-826

基于1959～2013年的观测和再分析资料以及10.7 cm(2800 MHz)太阳射电通量资料, 本文分析了太阳活动变化与东亚冬季气候的相关关系, 分析结果表明:太阳活动变化与东亚冬季大气环流有较好的相关性, 且在太阳活动的强、弱时期该相关关系存在很大差异, 在强太阳活动时期太阳活动变化与东亚冬季气候的联系更为显著, 而在弱太阳活动时期二者之间的直接联系微弱, 这表明太阳活动变化对东亚冬季气候的影响具有非对称性特征。在太阳活动较强的时期, 随着太阳活动的增强, 东亚中高纬对流层中层的大气环流倾向纬向型, 东亚大槽减弱, 850 hPa出现异常偏南风, 地面上西伯利亚高压以及冬季风减弱, 东亚大部分地区气温显著偏高;而在太阳活动较弱的时期, 太阳活动的年际差异与东亚冬季大气环流之间几乎不存在显著联系。分析太阳活动较强和较弱时期纬向平均纬向风的差异发现, 其间平流层行星波活动、热带西北太平洋海表温度的差异可能是造成这种非对称影响的重要原因。在强太阳活动时期, 平流层行星波在太阳活动的异常增强年有异常的从极地向赤道的水平传播, 高纬地区E-P通量(Eliassen-Palm flux)异常辐散, 导致中高纬西风及北极涛动(AO)增强, 同时热带西北太平洋海温异常偏冷, 海陆热力差异缩小, 大气环流经向度减弱, 东亚冬季风偏弱。  相似文献   

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朱春春  李征航  屈小川  申小平 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(1):81-86

??RINEX HO???????GPS?????λ?????е???(?????????)????????????????????GPS???????е??????????(ΔI_H)^p,q_i,g??????????(ΔI_H)^p,q_i,g????γ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????￡???Bernese 5.0???????????????????????????????δ???и????????????????????л????????????????????????????????Δb_H???????????Δb_H???????С????????????????????Δ??b??H??????????????????????????????????????????ε??С??Δb_H?????????  相似文献   

尼泊尔Ms8.1地震构造背景及对周边地区地震活动趋势的影响     

雷东宁  蔡永建  李恒  吴建超  乔岳强  余松  廉超 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(5):738-741

分析印度板块与欧亚板块俯冲带、尼泊尔Ms8.1地震震中区地震构造及地震发震构造,讨论主震对余震触发及余震的时空强特征和地震对周边地区地震活动趋势的影响。初步分析认为,主边界断裂为本次地震的发震构造,属于低角度逆冲断层地震;余震分布范围与震源破裂面积和方式基本一致,具有向东迁移的时空特征;西藏定日Ms5.9、聂拉木Ms5.3地震不属于尼泊尔地震余震,是应力扰动的结果;沿俯冲带向东至喜马拉雅东构造结是大震发生的危险地段。  相似文献   

广西红树林根际土壤放线菌的原位培养分离及其活性筛选   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

姜明国  甘光华  杨立芳  李西妮  杨桂柳  庹利  孙承航  黄玲  蓝金枝 《海洋学报》2015,37(2):55-64

为了发掘广西红树林根际土壤的放线菌资源,本文利用原位培养装置,埋于根际土壤中俘获放线菌,30d后取回实验室,采用平板涂布法对4个地点的原位培养样品于15种培养基上进行分离纯化;对分离株基于16SrRNA基因序列进行系统发育分析;进一步进行抗菌活性和产酶活性检测。共分离得到113株放线菌。对其中33株放线菌进行测序,结果表明20株属于链霉菌属,11株属于拟诺卡氏菌属,1株属于伦兹氏菌属,1株与拟诺卡氏菌属相似性最高为90%,很可能属于放线菌一个新属。抗菌实验结果显示其中有7株、4株、18株、6株、10株、3株实验菌株分别对大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、普通变形杆菌、乙型溶血性链球菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌具有抑制作用;有55株、62株、24株、72株的实验菌株分别具有纤维素酶活性、淀粉酶活性、胶原蛋白酶活性、酯酶活性。原位培养可以丰富对广西红树林根际土壤的认识,分离到了新种甚至可能是新属的放线菌,分离得到的部分放线菌菌株具有较高生物活性,为后续工作提供了良好的实验材料。  相似文献   

不同光照周期对刺参摄食节律和消化生理的影响     

孙佳敏  王芳  张立斌  林承刚  杨红生  阚仁涛 《海洋科学》2015,39(5):1-8

在实验室条件下,研究了全光照(24L︰0D)、半光照半黑暗(12L︰12D)、全黑暗(0L︰24D)3种光照周期下刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)的摄食节律、摄食率以及3种消化酶(脂肪酶、淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶)活力的昼夜变化规律。结果显示:(1)在全光照条件下,刺参极少活动,24 h内的摄食比例较低(6%~10%);在半光照半黑暗条件下,刺参光照阶段运动不活跃,摄食比例较低(0~10%),黑暗阶段运动极其活跃,摄食比例较高;在全黑暗条件下,刺参一直处于较活跃状态,24 h内的摄食比例都较高。3种光照条件下,刺参的摄食高峰都出现在00:00~02:00,且刺参夜晚的摄食比例显著高于白天(P0.05);(2)刺参的日摄食率从全光照、半光照半黑暗到全黑暗依次增加,3种光照周期条件下刺参夜晚的摄食率极显著高于白天的摄食率(P0.01);(3)3种光照周期下,刺参3种消化酶活力的最大值都出现在22:00~02:00,消化酶活力的最大值比摄食高峰早0~4 h。研究结果表明,光照对刺参的摄食节律和消化酶活力昼夜变化都有显著影响,刺参具有提前分泌消化酶为即将到来的摄食做好准备的调节机制。  相似文献   

中国南海一株固氮类芽孢杆菌的筛选和分离鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张丽红  刘艳芳  胡青平 《海洋科学》2015,39(3):100-105

为了解中国南海海洋自生固氮菌的种类,作者对采集的南海海底淤泥样品进行了固氮微生物的分离、筛选及鉴定。经过土样沸水加热处理,无氮培养基平板初筛后,对分离获得的细菌固氮酶结构基因nif H进行扩增,并对其固氮酶活性进行检测,最终获得一株能够产芽孢的固氮细菌。对该菌株进行生理生化性状测定、16S r DNA序列分析(Gen Bank登录号KJ627376),并基于nif H、16S r DNA系统进化树分析,确定该菌为一株固氮类芽孢菌(Paenibacillus sp.)NH-1。本研究表明固氮类芽孢杆菌在海洋中确有分布,海洋自生固氮菌的多样性远远超出人们之前的认识。  相似文献   

Taiwan Yushan Snowfall Activity and Its Association with Atmospheric Circulation from 1979 to 2009     

TSAI Li-Min  LIU Koung-Ying  WANG Zifa 《大气科学进展》2011,28(6):1423-1432

Yushan is the most famous location for snow in Taiwan,while snowfall in the subtropical zone is rare.When it is snowing in Yushan,people are experiencing unusually cold and wet weather elsewhere in Taiwan.In this study,Yushan snowfall activity from 1979 to 2009 and the related atmosphere circulation were examined with the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau’s Yushan weather station observations and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy(NCEP/DOE) reanalysis atmospheric data.To provide a quantitative measure of snowfall events,a snowfall activity index(SAI) was defined in this study.The time series of yearly SAIs shows that Yushan snowfall activity for an active year,such as 1983(SAI =39 153) was ～118 times larger than for an inactive year,such as 1999(SAI=331).Our analyses show that snowfall activity is closely related to the position of the East Asian Trough(EAT) and the strength of the West Pacific High(WPH).In active years,when the EAT shifted eastward and the strength of WPH increased,an anomalous anticyclone occurred in the West Pacific.This anticyclone introduced anomalous southwesterly flows along the southeastern cost of mainland China and over Taiwan,resulting in a wetter-than-normal atmosphere that favored snowfall.Alternatively,in inactive years,a drierthan-normal atmosphere resulted in sluggish snowfall seasons.  相似文献   

Morlet小波显著性检验和精度分析在地磁场和地震活动性周期分析中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

尹继尧  朱元清  宋治平  张国民  薛艳  刘杰 《地震学报》2011,33(5):663-671

首先通过对加入随机噪声的合成信号进行Morlet小波变换并进行显著性检验, 分析所得信号的周期成分的显著性和非显著性, 然后研究信号周期长短、 信号观测时间段长短与精度之间的关系．在此基础上,以活动周期比较稳定的太阳黑子活动作为实例分析,结果显示本文的精度分析和显著性检验方法对于周期谱的精度和显著性研究是可行的．最后将该方法应用于全球地震活动周期谱的分析,求出全球地震活动周期谱及其显著性与精度．研究结果表明,在利用Morlet小波分析地磁场和地震活动性周期时引入显著性检验,并结合本文给出的精度, 可以从数据中提取出周期谱及其显著性和精度．   相似文献   

Spatial sensitivity of seismic hazard results to different background seismic activity and temporal earthquake occurrence models     

Nazan Yilmaz  M. Semih Yucemen 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011

Spatial sensitivity of seismic hazard results to different models with respect to background seismic activity and earthquake occurrence in time is investigated. For the contribution of background seismic activity to seismic hazard, background area source with uniform seismicity and spatially smoothed seismicity models are taken into consideration. For the contribution of faults, through characteristic earthquakes, both the memoryless Poisson and the time dependent renewal models are utilized. A case study, involving the assessment of seismic hazard for the Bursa province in Turkey, is conducted in order to examine quantitatively the influence of these models on seismic hazard results. The spatial variation of the difference in Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values obtained from these different models is presented in the form of difference maps for return periods of 475 and 2475 years. Best estimate seismic hazard maps for PGA and Spectral Accelerations (SA) at 0.2 and 1.0 s are obtained by using the logic tree method.  相似文献